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Musculoskeletal System (8%)

Lauren:
posterior sag to assess PCL
not posterior drawer

Radovan:
Ortho tips from Lauren;)

Lauren:
yep :)
clark's sign for chondromalacia
to assess the LCL follow the joint line out laterally and internally rotate
feels like a rope
MCL's way easier to palpate
these are good things to assess
anterior drawer's neither sensitive nor specific. important
you will ace this rotation.
radiographs...i got you
not just xrs either. i\'m not great with MRs and CTs but i get by
yes i am excited for you!
ortho gets me so hype
anyway. keep me posted
and seriously don\'t even bother with posterior drawer. total waste of time and you\'ll confuse it with acl findings anyway. not you it's just a shitty test for assessing integrity of pcl
also injections are so much fun
k that's all for real

Teaching the Knee Exam (Stanford 25 Skills Symposium)

Dr. Poonam Hosamani demonstrates how she teaches the knee exam.\r\n

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Common Skiing Injuries: HealthONE's Dr. Motz Explains

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How to perform a Full Knee assessment in 10 minutes

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Wheeless’ Textbook of Orthopaedics is a very complete online "textbook" presented by Duke Orthopaedics\r\n

OrthoBullets is the most amazing online resource for ortho knowledge. It even includes cases and customizable tests.\r\n

I really like the shoulder anatomy at BraceAccess, especially their illustrations.\r\n

The Hip and Knee Book is a great resource for learning about those two joints and, more specifically, about arthroplasty of those two joints.

posterior sag to assess PCL
not posterior drawer
\r\n clarke's sign for chondromalacia
\r\n to assess the LCL follow the joint line out laterally and internally rotate
feels like a rope
MCL's way easier to palpate
these are good things to assess
anterior drawer's neither sensitive nor specific. important
and seriously don\'t even bother with posterior drawer. total waste of time and you\'ll confuse it with acl findings anyway. not you it's just a shitty test for assessing integrity of pcl\r\n

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But when I looked into this, the posterior drawer test seemed to be the most accurate of all the PCL laxity tests.\r\n

Rubinstein RA, Jr, et al. The accuracy of the clinical examination in the setting of posterior cruciate ligament injuries. AJSM. 1994;22(4):550–557.
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There's a YouTube Channel called ORTHOFilms, with some great animations, that are clear and easy to understand.

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Teaching the Knee Exam (Stanford 25 Skills Symposium)

Dr. Poonam Hosamani demonstrates how she teaches the knee exam.\r\n

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How to perform a Full Knee assessment in 10 minutes

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https://www.youtube.com/user/Physiotutors/videos
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Table from OrthoBullets
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\r\n	History \r\n	Physical Exam\r\n
ACL\r\n	Usually non-contact Landed awkwardly Felt "pop" Immediate swelling \r\n	Lachman positive Pivot shift positive Large hemarthrosis \r\n
PCL\r\n	Struck dashboard Fall with PF foot Posterior pain\r\n	\r\n Posterior sag sign Posterior drawer (at 90° flexion) Quad active test\r\n \r\n
MCL\r\n	Blow to outside of knee Medial pain \r\n	Valgus instability \r\n
LCL\r\n	Varus injury Lateral pain \r\n	Varus instability \r\n
PLC\r\n	Lateral and posterior pain Usually combined with other ligament injuries \r\n	Dial test positive (at 30° flexion) \r\n
Meniscus\r\n	Mechanical symptoms (catching, locking) Pain at joint line Delayed swelling \r\n	Joint line tenderness McMurray positive \r\n
Patella\r\n	Fall with DF foot May feel 2 "pops" Swelling Anterior pain Pain with stairs\r\n	Patellar apprehension Tender over MPFL Effusion Patellar crepitus Pain with active compression test Increased Q-angle\r\n

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Splint Like a Pro set of videos\r\n

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